Risk Focus: Methanol Bunkering

Our latest Risk Focus publication, Methanol Bunkering, developed in collaboration with Brookes Bell, provides a practical technical and operational framework for the safe bunkering and handling of methanol as an alternative marine fuel.

 

As methanol gains traction as a low‑emission fuel option, this guide explores its role in supporting the maritime industry’s decarbonisation objectives while addressing the specific safety, operational and regulatory challenges associated with its low flash point and toxic properties. It examines the physical characteristics of methanol alongside key health, fire and explosion risks, highlighting the importance of careful planning and robust control measures.

 

The publication sets out best practice guidance for methanol bunkering operations, covering key technical and operational considerations including:

 

• Fuel properties and hazards: An overview of methanol’s flammability, toxicity, vapour behaviour and material compatibility, including the risks posed by invisible flames and vapour accumulation.
• Tank design and systems: Guidance on methanol fuel tank construction, cofferdam arrangements, inerting requirements, venting systems and gas freeing provisions in line with IGF Code expectations.
• Bunkering operations: Detailed consideration of bunkering procedures, from pre‑transfer planning and joint plans of operation (JPOs) through to supervision, vapour return management and post‑transfer activities.
• Hazardous area classification: Explanation of hazardous zones (Zones 0, 1 and 2) and their implications for equipment selection and operational safety.
• Emergency preparedness and controls: Use of emergency shutdown systems, gas detection, pressure relief arrangements and firefighting considerations specific to methanol.

 

In addition, the guide addresses commercial and training considerations, including fuel quality and quantity requirements, custody transfer arrangements and crew competency standards under the STCW and IGF Codes. Together, these elements support shipowners, operators and crews in managing the risks associated with methanol bunkering while enabling its safe and effective integration into vessel operations.