英国電子取引文書法：電子船荷証券における意義

英国で電子取引文書法が施行されたことは、電子船荷証券(eB/L)の発展に大きな変革をもたらす契機となることでしょう。技術の急激な進歩にも関わらず、これまでeB/Lに関わる法的枠組みは遅れていました。本記事では、同法の施行がクラブメンバーにどのような意味があるのか、また国際グループの今後の対応などについて解説いたします。

The Electronic Trade Documents Act (“the Act”)  comes into force today in the United Kingdom, giving legal recognition in English law to electronic trade documents, including electronic bills of lading.

The Act was preceded, in 2022, by the UK Law Commission’s Report on Electronic trade documents, which was the culmination of an extensive consultation process with stakeholders, including the Group.  The Act reflects the recommendations of the Law Commission that the law should be reformed so that certain electronic trade documents, including electronic bills of lading, can be recognised as having the same legal recognition and functionality as their paper counterparts.

The Group welcomes this significant legislative development, which comes soon after the adoption by Singapore of similar legislation, in the form of the Singapore Electronic Transactions (Amendment) Act 2021. Both sets of legislation meet the requirements of the Model Law on Electronic Transferable Records (MLETR), a uniform model law adopted by the UN Commission on International Trade law (UNCITRAL) in 2018. 

Club Rules provide that liabilities arising in respect of the carriage of cargo under paperless trading systems are covered, provided that the system has first been approved by the Group.  Since 20 February 2010, the Group has approved ten electronic systems.  The Group is reviewing its approach to electronic bills of lading in light of the Act.  At the same time, we continue our dialogue with industry stakeholders to assist in managing the transition from a private contractual environment to one recognised under national laws, which will serve for the benefit of the wider international shipping and trade community.